Rheology modifiers, also known as thickeners or viscosity modifiers, are additives used to alter the flow properties of various materials, including liquids, pastes, and suspensions. They can increase or decrease the viscosity (thickness) of a substance, affecting its texture, spreadability, and overall performance.

How Do They Work?

Rheology modifiers work by interacting with the molecules of the base material. They can:

Increase Viscosity: By forming a network of molecules that resist flow.

Decrease Viscosity: By reducing the internal friction between molecules.

Common Types of Rheology Modifiers

Natural Polymers:

Cellulose Derivatives: Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)

Gums: Guar gum, xanthan gum, locust bean gum

Starches: Modified starches

Synthetic Polymers:

Polyacrylates: Polyacrylate esters, polymethacrylates

Polyurethanes: Polyurethane thickeners

Polyethers: Polyethylene oxide (PEO), polypropylene oxide (PPO)

Inorganic Thickeners:

Clays: Bentonite, kaolin

Silicates: Silica, sodium silicate